Brief introduction of Thailand

Basic information

Introduction

Thailand is located in the south central part of the Indochina Peninsula. It borders Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Malaysia, borders the Gulf of Thailand (Pacific Ocean) in the southeast and the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) in the southwest. 

A relatively unified country was formed in 1238 AD. Has successively experienced the Sukhothai Dynasty, Ayutthaya Dynasty, Thonburi Dynasty and Bangkok Dynasty. Formerly known as Siam.

In the 16th century, colonialists such as Portugal, Holland, Britain, and France invaded successively. A treaty was signed between Britain and France in 1896, stipulating that Siam was a buffer country between British Myanmar and French Indochina. Siam has become the only country in Southeast Asia that has not become a colony.

At the end of the 19th century, King Rama IV began to open to the outside world. King Fifth borrowed Western experience to carry out social reforms.

In June 1932, the Democratic Party launched a coup and changed the monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. Changed its name to Thailand in 1939. After several changes, it was officially named Thailand in 1949.

Ethnic distribution

In March 2014, the total population of Thailand was 64.5 million. There are more than 30 ethnic groups in the country. The Thais are the main ethnic group, accounting for about 40%, the Lao (Lao) accounted for 35%, the Thai-Chinese are about 9 million, accounting for about 14%, and the Malays are 2.3%; , Yao, Gui, Wen, Karen, Shan, Semang, Shagai and other mountain peoples.

In addition, Thailand has a large number of people from other Asian regions, Europe, and North America who have long lived in Thailand, as well as a large number of illegal immigrants.

More than 90% of people in Thailand believe in Buddhism, Malays believe in Islam, and a few people believe in Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism and Sikhism.

Famous tourist spot 

The Grand Palace: The Grand Palace in Bangkok is the palace of Kings I to VIII of the Bangkok Dynasty in Thailand. The Grand Palace has a total area of 218.4 thousand square meters and is located in the center of Bangkok, nestled on the Chao Phraya River. It is the most spectacular ancient architectural complex in Bangkok.

Jade Buddha Temple: Located in the northeast corner of the Grand Palace in Bangkok, it is the most famous Buddhist temple in Thailand and one of Thailand's three national treasures. The Jade Buddha Temple is a place where the Thai royal family enshrines Jade Buddha statues and holds religious ceremonies.

Phuket: Thailand ’s largest island, the “Pearl” of the Andaman Sea, Phuket is a representative tourist resort in Southeast Asia. Its charm lies above all in its beautiful sea. The west coast of the island faces the Andaman Sea. There are pristine white sand beaches. Each sand beach has its own advantages and charm. Under the sun, large and small beaches flash Waves against the shore of the Andaman Sea.

Pattaya: famous for its sunshine, beach and seafood, it is known as "Oriental Hawaii" and is a world-renowned emerging seaside tourist resort. It is located 154 kilometers southeast of the capital Bangkok, the Siam Bay between the Indochina Peninsula and the Malay Peninsula. The urban area covers more than 20 square kilometers, with beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate. The average annual temperature is about 20 ° C. It receives more than 1 million tourists every year, and its foreign exchange income is equivalent to more than 7 billion baht. It is one of the important pillars of Thailand's tourism industry.

Transportation

Transportation is mainly based on road and air transportation:

Railway: Narrow track, with a total length of 4451 kilometers, a total of 47 railways are connected to the country.

Highway: National mileage is 160,000 kilometers. All prefectures and counties are connected by highways, extending in all directions.

Water transportation: The Mekong River and the Chao Phraya River are the two main water transport routes in Thailand. There are 47 ports nationwide, including 26 sea ports and 21 international ports. Laem Chabang Port is Thailand's largest logistics hub, with container traffic accounting for 52% of the country's total. Important Thai terminals also include Bangkok Port, Chiang Saen Port, Chiang Khong Port, and Ranong Port. The sea line can reach China, Japan, America, Europe and Singapore.

Air transport: There are 57 airports nationwide, including 8 international airports. After the Bangkok Suvarnabhumi International Airport was put into use, it replaced the original Don Mueang International Airport and became an important air traffic hub in Southeast Asia. A total of 80 airlines from 53 countries have fixed routes to Thailand, 89 international routes can reach more than 40 cities in Europe, the United States, Asia and Oceania, and domestic routes cover 21 large and medium cities across the country.

Education

Implement 12-year compulsory education. Primary and secondary education is a 12-year system, that is, 6 years in elementary school, 3 years in junior high school, and 3 years in high school. Universities generally have a 4-year system, and medical universities have a 5-year system.

Preschool education is 3 to 6 years old, compulsory education is 7 to 13 years old, secondary education is 14 to 19 years old, university education is 20 to 23 years old,graduate school stage is 24 to 26 years old.

Famous colleges and universities are: Chulalongkorn University, Hosei University, Agricultural University, Chiang Mai University, Khon Kaen University, Songkhla Karin University, Mahidol University, Sinkarin Wilo University, Isamura University And Bangkok University. In addition, there are open universities such as Langham University and Sukhothai University.

In 2006, there were 835095 land transactions nationwide, with a transaction value of 617.93 billion baht. The newly approved urban construction land was 19.577 million square meters, a year-on-year decrease of 0.3%.

Apartment: Foreigners can directly buy an apartment in their own name and have freehold property rights. This property right includes a plot of corresponding area, but the plot cannot be separated from the apartment. Foreigners can only buy a 49% share of each apartment building.

Villas: Foreigners cannot directly purchase real estate with independent land rights in their own name, including houses, land, town houses etc.